"Round Midnight" is considered "one of the most beautiful short pieces of music written in twentieth-century America," as record producer Orrin Keepnews noted in Keyboard Magazine. A lot of the fathers kicked off, went out of business, or retired. Wynton Marsalis is “potentially the greatest trumpet player of all time,” proclaimed Maurice Andre, the famed classic…, Powell, Bud 1924–1966 I've never wished for anybody else's job. Its mission is to offer public school-based jazz education programs for young people around the globe, helping students develop imaginative thinking, creativity, curiosity, a positive self-image, and a respect for their own and others' cultural heritage. Jazz pianist and composer Even at that young age it was clear that the instrument was part of his destiny. In 1964 he appeared on the cover of Time magazine—an extremely rare honor for jazz artist. It has been used very sparingly since the 1960's, with just a sprinkling of baby boys receiving the name each year, though it's one of the unique baby names we predict will get much less unique as more parents … Monk also worked with classical composer Hall Overton to present his music orchestrally for 1959's At Town Hall. As his former sideman, tenor saxophonist Johnny Griffin, explained, Monk was somewhat of a homebody: "If Monk isn't working he isn't on … Began playing piano at age 11; toured with traveling evangelist’s show during the 1930’s; became house pianist at Minton’s Club in New York City c. 1940; played with various bands in New York until 1944; led small groups until 1959; formed big band, 1959; led quartet, 1960s; toured internationally, 1971-72; made last appearance at Carnegie Hall, March, 1976. Indeed, with Monk's consent, Riverside had managed to buy out his previous Prestige contract for a mere $108.24. https://www.encyclopedia.com/education/news-wires-white-papers-and-books/monk-thelonious-1917-1982, Kevorkian, Kyle "Monk, Thelonious 1917-1982 When Thelonious Monk began performing his music in the early 1940s, only a small circle of New York's brightest jazz musicians could appreciate its uniqueness. Retrieved April 15, 2021 from Encyclopedia.com: https://www.encyclopedia.com/education/news-wires-white-papers-and-books/monk-thelonious. His love for her is reflected in "Crepuscile With Nellie," a beautiful tune that he labored over for a month during a time when she was hospitalized. Thelonious Monk: Straight, No Chaser, directed by Charlotte Zwerin, Warner Bros., 1989. He earned the nickname "Toot" after "Little Toot the Tugboat" from a favorite Walt Disney cartoon; young Thelonious learned to whistle-like "Little Toot"-before he learned to talk. He died on February 17, 1982 in Englewood, New Jersey, USA. As well as performing at concerts, he recorded a solo piano session for French radio (later issued as an album by Disques Vogue). Surprisingly, there are no biographies in book form on Monk. He was married to Nellie Monk. [29] His solos also feature space and long notes. A year later he began playing at “rent” parties—thrown to raise money for rent—which meant holding his own among pianists who would each perform marathon displays of virtuosity. Illness eventually made it impossible for him to perform.” In 1958 he was arrested for disturbing the peace and his cabaret license was revoked a second time. No reports or diagnoses were ever publicized, but Monk would often become excited for two or three days, then pace for days after that, after which he would withdraw and stop speaking. He had a unique improvisational style and made numerous contributions to the standard jazz repertoire, including "'Round Midnight", "Blue Monk", "Straight, No Chaser", "Ruby, My Dear", "In Walked Bud", and "Well, You Needn't". When Otto Hardwick, a reed player with Duke Ellington’s orchestra, gave Roy Eldridge the lasting nickname “Lit…, https://www.encyclopedia.com/education/news-wires-white-papers-and-books/monk-thelonious-1917-1982, https://www.encyclopedia.com/education/news-wires-white-papers-and-books/monk-thelonious, https://www.encyclopedia.com/history/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/thelonious-monk, https://www.encyclopedia.com/history/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/monk-thelonious. When a small amount of marijuana was discovered, she took the rap for her friend and even served a few nights in jail."[15]. 2 Thelonious Junior Monk later adopted the name Thelonious Sphere Monk, named ah his grandfather: Sphere Batts Monk's name is actually misspelled on his birth certificate (See Example 1A) Carolina behind; Barbara took Marion, Thelonious Junior, and Thomas to New York by herself, determined to make a better life for them. [7][8], Thelonious Sphere Monk was born two years after his sister Marion on October 10, 1917, in Rocky Mount, North Carolina, and was the son of Thelonious and Barbara Monk. Thelonious Sphere Monk[2] (/θəˈloʊniəs/, October 10, 1917[3] – February 17, 1982) was an American jazz pianist and composer. Thelonious Monk was born on October 10, 1917 in Rocky Mount, North Carolina, USA as Thelonious Sphere Monk. “Years before his piano work would be taken seriously, he would be known for his composing. I kept on making it—recording and doing what I'm doing, and thinking. She actively encouraged her young son’s interest in music. In the February 1989 down beat, Josef Woodward described the unique a…, Jazz pianist ." By the mid-1950s, though, Monk’s fortune took a turn for the better. His style was not universally appreciated; the poet and jazz critic Philip Larkin dismissed him as "the elephant on the keyboard". Because I know you’ve heard me make some fast runs. “Audiences lined up to see his unpredictable performances, his quirky, quietly ecstatic dances during horn solos, his wanderings through the room.” Several masterful discs he recorded for Riverside in the late 1950s— Brilliant Corners, Thelonious Himself, and Monk with Coltrane— increased his notoriety, rendering him “the most acclaimed and controversial jazz improviser of the late 1950s almost overnight.” It also didn’t hurt that both Coltrane and saxophonist Sonny Rollins were acknowledging him as their guru. "If anybody sat down and The guy has two left hands.' 'This man's a genius, you don't know anything. In 1947, Ike Quebec introduced Monk to Lorraine Gordon and her first husband, Alfred Lion, the founder of Blue Note Records. The eight-month gig was pivotal for Monk, who “found himself at the center of a cult,” according to Keyboard. Swing, the music of older jazzmen, had become inadequate for postwar society. When Thelonious Monk began performing his music in the early 1940s, only a small circle of New York’s brightest jazz musicians could appreciate its uniqueness. https://www.encyclopedia.com/history/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/monk-thelonious, "Monk, Thelonious He was married to Nellie Monk. “Program notes for the Berkshire Music Barn jazz Concert in 1955 read, ’Monk is the Greto Garbo of jazz, and his appearance at any piano is regarded as a major event by serious followers of jazz.”’ In 1957 Monk opened an engagement at New York’s Five Spot, leading a powerful quartet with then jazz newcomer John Coltrane on saxophone. “If anybody sat down and played the piano,” Monk recalled in Crescendo International, “I would just stand there and watch’em all the time.”. About a year later the family moved to New York City. After extended negotiations, Monk signed in 1962 with Columbia Records, one of the big four American record labels of the day. If you want to eat, you can buy some food. New York: Oxford University Press, 1985. Born Thelonious Sphere Monk, Jr., October 10, 1917, in Rocky Mount, NC; died of a stroke February 17, 1982, in Weehawken, NJ; son of Thelonious and Barbara Monk; wife’s name, Nellie; children: Thelonious, Jr., and a daughter, nickname Boo. ." There was also the way he talked: He and his peers—saxophonist Charlie Parker, trumpeters Dizzy Gillespie and Miles Davis, drummer Max Roach, and tenor saxophonist Sonny Rollins—were known for popularizing such expressions a "groovy," "you dig, man," and "cool, baby." By the mid-1950s, though, Monk’s fortune took a turn for the better. Giddons, Gary, Rhythm-A-Ning: Jazz Tradition and Innovation in the 80s, 1986. "By 1948," Keyboard noted, "he was only doing occasional nights at Birdland, and days were often spent sitting in his room, writing tunes, gazing silently at the television, or staring for long hours at a pictured Billie Holiday taped to his ceiling…. His late 1950s recordings on the Riverside label had done so well that in 1962 he was offered a contract from Columbia. To someone who had never really cared all that much about communicating with the public, it couldn't have seemed worth the effort to start climbing again. As a result, one of PM's best writers visited Monk to do a feature on him, but Monk wouldn't speak to the reporter unless Gordon was in the room with him. As a performer he was equally successful, commanding $2,000 for week long engagements with his band and $1,000 for single performances. He didn't say 'Good morning,' 'Goodnight,' 'What time?' A New York Times review of the 1989 Monk documentary Straight, No Chaser commented on his temperament, revealing that the great pianist was “acutely sensitive and moody and perhaps a manic-depressive…. Keith Jarrett Giddins, Gary. Encyclopedia.com. It had to be composed…. His mother also taught him to play some hymns, and he would sometimes accompany her singing at church. 2021 . “More than anyone else in the Minton’s crowd, Monk showed a knack for writing,” Keyboard remarked. ." The name was later changed to The Mad Monkfish. In September of the same year, Lorraine approached Max Gordon, the owner and founder of the Village Vanguard jazz club, and secured Monk his first gig there. Many of his works, which number over 60, are jazz classics. In 1964 Monk appeared on the cover of Time magazine—an extremely rare honor for a jazz artist. He died of a stroke on February 17, 1982, and was buried in Ferncliff Cemetery in Hartsdale, New York. All the musicians that were thinking liked my music—and wanted to learn how to play the different songs that we were playing. As he told Valerie Wilmer, 'I hit the piano with my elbow sometimes because of a certain sound I want to hear, certain chords. Why, I don't know. Monk refused to testify against his friend, so the police confiscated his New York City Cabaret Card. "They had first seen each other as children on a playground; though six months would pass before they actually met, both sensed a deep connection with that initial contact, and Monk would later surprise her by correctly recalling everything she was wearing that day." A year later he began playing at “rent” parties—thrown to raise money for rent—which meant holding his own among pianists who would each perform marathon displays of virtuosity. Although the police were authorized to search the vehicle and found narcotics in suitcases held in the trunk of the Baroness's car, Judge Christie of the Delaware Superior Court ruled that the unlawful detention of the pair, and the beating of Monk, rendered the consent to the search void as given under duress.[17]. In 1954 he gave a series of concerts in Paris and cut his first solo album, Pure Monk (now out of print). After the departure of Ore and Dunlop, the remainder of the rhythm section in Monk's quartet during the bulk of his Columbia period was Larry Gales on bass and Ben Riley on drums, both of whom joined in 1964. In the early 1970s, Monk made some solo and trio recordings for Black Lion in London and played a few concerts. Kevorkian, Kyle "Monk, Thelonious 1917-1982 (With Rollins, Ernie Henry, Oscar Pettiford, and Max Roach) Brilliant Corners, (recorded 1956), Riverside. They were about the fastest-thinking musicians. His poorly written birth certificate misspelled his first name as "Thelious" or "Thelius". ." I didn't want to play the way I'd heard music played all my life. Concerning those who criticized his technique, Monk told Crescendo International, “I guess these people are surprised when they hear certain things that I’ve done on records. Trumpet player Still, Junior as a middle name for a Junior seems unlikely. Though the family budget was tight, Monk’s mother managed to buy a baby grand Steinway; when Monk turned 11 she began paying for weekly lessons. Thelonious Sphere Monk was born two years after his sister Marion on October 10, 1917, in Rocky Mount, North Carolina, and was the son of Thelonious and Barbara Monk. . ", "I was about nineteen to twenty, I guess, when I started to hear my music in my mind," Monk told Crescendo International. Pick a style below, and copy the text for your bibliography. Therefore, be sure to refer to those guidelines when editing your bibliography or works cited list. In 1958 Monk and the baroness were stopped by the police in Delaware. Selected discography For the next several years he survived only with the help of his good friend and patron the Baroness de Koenigswarter. . In fact, most of the classic Monk tunes, such as ‘Blue Monk,’ ‘Epistrophy,’ and “Round Midnight,’ were written during his gig at Minton’s or before 1951.”. Recognized as one of the most inventive pianists of any musical genre, Monk achieved a startlingly original sound that even his most devoted followers have been unable to successfully imitate. De Wilde, Laurent. 15 Apr. UXL Encyclopedia of World Biography. [...] He hit the keys with fingers held flat rather than in a natural curve, and held his free fingers high above the keys. Aspects of his compositions that once were ridiculed are now analyzed at colleges and universities throughout the country. Monk's Dream, his first Columbia album, was released in 1963. Now when he played a gig his wife accompanied him. The title references Pannonica de Koenigswarter's troubles with her stay at the Bolivar Hotel, where her parties would disturb the management of the hotel. ." For other uses, see, Monk's music has profound humanity, disciplined economy, balanced virility, dramatic nobility, and innocently exuberant wit. From then on, Gordon preached his genius to the jazz world with unrelenting passion. With his strange hats, bamboo-framed sunglasses, and goatee, he became an obvious subject for Sunday supplement caricatures. In 1958 he was arrested, undeservedly, for disturbing the peace, and his cabaret license was revoked a second time. At the same time, he was becoming initiated into the world of jazz; near his home were several jazz clubs as well as the home of the great Harlem stride pianist James P. Johnson, from whom Monk learned a great deal. Illness eventually made it impossible for him to perform.” In 1958 he was arrested for disturbing the peace and his cabaret license was revoked a second time. Retrieved April 15, 2021 from Encyclopedia.com: https://www.encyclopedia.com/history/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/monk-thelonious. His following grew, and as Keyboard reported, his mystique grew as well. They must feel awful silly about saying I don’t have no technique. The name Thelonious is a boy's name. He is the second-most recorded jazz composer of all time and composed over 70 songs. ." If you want a suit, you can buy one. At 16 he left school to travel with an evangelical faith healer and preacher for a yearlong tour that indoctrinated him into the subtleties of rhythm and blues accompaniment. “More than anyone else in the Minton’s crowd, Monk showed a knack for writing,” Keyboard remarked. As the 1940s progressed and bebop became more and more the rage, Monk's career declined. Nellie and Thelonious Monk shared a deep intimacy. Not only was he confined for sixty days in prison, but the New York State Liquor Authority removed his cabaret card, without which he could not get hired for local club dates. For several years he survived only with the help of his good friend and patron the Baroness Nica de Koenigswarter. Over the following decade, it was also re-released as Wee See (PRLP 7245) and The Golden Monk (PRST 7363) The most common cover art (with the Monk title), is 1958 revision, designed by Reid Miles. For the Record… However, the date of retrieval is often important. played the piano," he recalled in Crescendo International, "I would just stand there and watch 'em all the time.". Monk famously said, "The piano ain't got no wrong notes. Another great number from the British television concert from 1965. And their sons are in power now, that like different music and take better chances. Chilton, John, Who’s Who of Jazz: Storyville to Swing Street, Chilton, 1972. At 16 he left school to travel with an evangelical faith healer and preacher for a year-long tour that indoctrinated him into the subtleties of rhythm and blues accompaniment. Chilton, John, Who's Who of Jazz: Story ville to Swing Street, Chilton, 1972. In 1939 Monk put his first group together. New York: Oxford University Press, 2001. The debate over his talent and skill continued as the years passed, but Monk eventually found himself with a strong following. Toward the end of the 1950s Monk began to receive the prestige he had long deserved. In 1951 he was arrested with Hentoff, Nat, The Jazz Life, Da Capo, 1975. "With men as highly regarded as those acknowledging his mastery," Keepnews commented in Keyboard, "the rest of the jazz world was quick to follow…. In its place, a faster, more complex style was developing. He never spoke to his audiences end rarely granted interviews, preferring to let his music speak for itself. It is Monk's concerto, if you will, and in some ways it speaks for itself. Then there are the impossible ones: compositions I sometimes suspect he wrote as a form of nose-thumbing revenge on those who claimed he was devoid of technique, which I have seen drive normally unflappable master players straight up the walls of recording studios. But it didn’t bother me. 4: Marsalis Plays Monk, Melodious Monk: A New Look at An Old Master, Work: the complete composition of Thelonious Monk, solo guitar, Monk's Dreams: The complete compositions of Thelonious Sphere Monk, "Thelonious Monk's Quiet, Slow Conquest of the World", "Looking At The Life And Times Of Thelonious Monk", https://www.goodreads.com/quotes/307789-the-piano-ain-t-got-no-wrong-notes, "Matthew Quayle: Introduction to the Round Midnight Variations", "MONK'estra – my new BIG BAND ‹ John Beasley", "GRAMMY.com — Lifetime Achievement Award", National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences, "The 2006 Pulitzer Prize winners: Special Awards and Citations", Not So Misterioso: Robert Christgau on Monk, Art Blakey's Jazz Messengers with Thelonious Monk, Thelonious Monk Quartet with John Coltrane at Carnegie Hall, The Thelonious Monk Orchestra at Town Hall, Pulitzer Prize Special Citations and Awards, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Thelonious_Monk&oldid=1017355529, Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award winners, Pages using Template:Infobox musical artist with unknown parameters, Wikipedia articles with BIBSYS identifiers, Wikipedia articles with CANTIC identifiers, Wikipedia articles with CINII identifiers, Wikipedia articles with MusicBrainz identifiers, Wikipedia articles with PLWABN identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SELIBR identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SNAC-ID identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SUDOC identifiers, Wikipedia articles with Trove identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. 1917 in Rocky Mount, North Carolina 'm myself all the musicians that were thinking my! 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