'Winter King,' a Portrait of Henry VII - The New York Times [29] Henry secured his crown principally by dividing and undermining the power of the nobility, especially through the aggressive use of bonds and recognisances to secure loyalty. It was really very well researched and painstakingly written. His father was the son of Owen Tudor, a Welsh squire, and Catherine of France, the widow of King Henry V. His mother was the great-granddaughter of John of Gaunt, duke of Lancaster, whose children by Catherine Swynford were born before he married her. Henry VII The Winter King is also the title of a book by Thomas Penn, and a useful read. BBC Two - Henry VII: The Winter King, Backdating Henry's reign In 1497 Warbeck landed in Cornwall with a few thousand troops, but was soon captured and executed. There's a (relatively) brief explanation of Henry's rather tumultuous childhood and his rise to the throne, before Penn really gets into the nitty gritty details during the second half of Henry's reign, focusing on his intricate foreign policy, his increasing use of finance as a means of control over his subjects and, most entertaining to me, the various plots and conspiracies of Henry's enemies. He had finished his palace of Richmond, he was controlling his allies and keeping an eye on his enemies, and now was the time to finalise the marriage agreement between England and Spain. Gaunt's nephew Richard II legitimised Gaunt's children by Swynford by Letters Patent in 1397. This definitely was not that. Henry VII. The Winter King HD - YouTube Henry VIII Books livestream YouTube 18 February 2023, February 13 A queen and her lady-in-waiting are beheaded. [citation needed], Henry's most successful diplomatic achievement as regards the economy was the Magnus Intercursus ("great agreement") of 1496. This revived an earlier practice of using a small (and trusted) group of the Privy Council as a personal or Prerogative Court, able to cut through the cumbersome legal system and act swiftly. It was a fantastic programme and I highly recommend Thomas Penns book on Henry VII Winter King. Raised in France, admiring of Italian-trained lawyers (and reaping the reward of the return of a whole generation of educated English commoners who sat out the War of the Roses abroad), with good taste in Renaissance art and advised by his gracious wife and steely mother, Henry VII is a major figure, not a prequel. [41] Henry also increased wealth by acquiring land through the act of resumption of 1486 which had been delayed as he focused on defence of the Church, his person and his realm. Reasonably interesting overview of the reign of Henry VII of England. Henry VII | Biography & Facts | Britannica Henry started a new policy to recover Guyenne and other lost Plantagenet claims in France. Henry VII can look a dull king, so dull that Thomas Penn's title omits his name. Having established his claim to be king in his own right, he married Elizabeth of York on January 18, 1486. The Winter King is also the title of a book by Thomas Penn, and a useful read. Penn then went on to talk about the heir to the throne, the young Prince Henry, who seemed very different to the King. By the way, dont forget that Ian Mortimers Time Travellers Guide to Elizabethan England is on tonight on BBC2 at 9pm. His early reign was plagued by pretenders to the throne, giving the new Tudor dynasty a rocky start and a fear of conspiracy which dogged Henry VII throughout his life. Though outnumbered, Henry's Lancastrian forces decisively defeated Richard's Yorkist army at the Battle of Bosworth Field on 22 August 1485. In 1407, Henry IV, Gaunt's son by his first wife, issued new Letters Patent confirming the legitimacy of his half-siblings but also declaring them ineligible for the throne. Old rivalries simmered, however. When Henry VIII and Francis I Spent $19 Million on the Field of Cloth Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). He had unified the kingdom, accrued immense wealth and created the most notorious dynasty in English history: the Tudors. Famed British author Thomas Penn takes an extraordinary journey into the dark and chilling world of the first Tudor King, Henry VII. There's a lot of cloak-and-dagger stuff here, something Henry and certain of his counselors seemed especially skilled at, and it was those parts that I particularly enjoyed. [citation needed] Henry also formed an alliance with Holy Roman Emperor Maximilian I (14931519) and persuaded Pope Innocent VIII to issue a papal bull of excommunication against all pretenders to Henry's throne. In 1622 Francis Bacon published his History of the Reign of King Henry VII. of course, a large proportion of my opinion is probably due to the fact that i knew a lot about henry vii already, and Penn tried to create quite a thrilling/mysterious feel, which is all well and good if you don't already know how everything plays out. When Henry VII called his first parliament he used it as an opportunity to legitimise his reign. The 17 year-old Prince Henry became King Henry VIII and started a different era. The house of York then appeared so firmly established that Henry seemed likely to remain in exile for the rest of his life. They were appointed for every shire and served for a year at a time. While there, he feigned stomach cramps and delayed his departure long enough to miss the tides. [20] He amassed an army of about 5,0006,000 soldiers. Pembroke Castle, and later the Earldom of Pembroke, were granted to the Yorkist William Herbert, who also assumed the guardianship of Margaret Beaufort and the young Henry. [citation needed] Nonetheless, by 1483 Henry was the senior male Lancastrian claimant remaining after the deaths in battle, by murder or execution of Henry VI (son of Henry V and Catherine of Valois), his son Edward of Westminster, Prince of Wales, and the other Beaufort line of descent through Lady Margaret's uncle, Edmund Beaufort, 2nd Duke of Somerset. However, King Henry the VIII was much more self-centered as most of his spending was inappropriate and did not benefit England much. For me, history is alive and energizing - not something static and remote. About Press Copyright Contact us Creators Advertise Developers Terms Privacy Policy & Safety How YouTube works Test new features NFL Sunday Ticket Press Copyright . Thus, Henry Tudor had no choice but to gather together an army including mercenary soldiers as well as his own supporters, and he landed in Wales in August, 1485. Henry VII, also called (145785) Henry Tudor, earl of Richmond, (born January 28, 1457, Pembroke Castle, Pembrokeshire, Walesdied April 21, 1509, Richmond, Surrey, England), king of England (14851509), who succeeded in ending the Wars of the Roses between the houses of Lancaster and York and founded the Tudor dynasty . After Wolf Hall, I wanted to find out about Henry VII, the lesser-studied father of Henry VIII, who founded the Tudor Dynasty. 3.5 Stars. Fittingly he dressed in expensive black. Inadvertently, he provoked a revolution. enry VII can look a dull king, so dull that Thomas Penn's title omits his name. Up to a point, he succeeded. Doubtless the plotters were encouraged by the deaths of Henrys sons in 1500 and 1502 and of his wife in 1503. Thank you for subscribing. "King Henry VII" redirects here. The first rising, that of Lord Lovell, Richard IIIs chamberlain, in 1486 was ill-prepared and unimportant, but in 1487 came the much more serious revolt of Lambert Simnel. [citation needed], However, his principal weapon was the Court of Star Chamber. Henry VIII, (born June 28, 1491, Greenwich, near London, Englanddied January 28, 1547, London), king of England (1509-47) who presided over the beginnings of the English Renaissance and the English Reformation. Only through the deaths of more obvious claimants, and after the accession of Richard III in 1483, when Henry was 26, did he become a leading candidate. The Lancastrian Henry and his Yorkist wife Elizabeth strove to reconcile the factions, but unreconciled Yorkists, to whom he was no more than a usurper, harassed his reign. Henry VII died on 21 April 1509, and the 17-year-old Henry succeeded him as king. This family took a dim view of Henry and it was John de la Pole, Earl of Lincoln, who instigated the first rebellion against him. Wow, it was like being battered by facts without remission for good intentions. [49] The confused, fractious nature of Breton politics undermined his efforts, which finally failed after three sizeable expeditions, at a cost of 24,000. By this marriage, Henry VII hoped to break the Auld Alliance between Scotland and France. [46] In 1506 he resumed the construction of King's College Chapel, Cambridge, started under Henry VI, guaranteeing finances which would continue even after his death. Winter King: Henry VII and the Dawn of Tudor England Henry VII (28 January 1457 - 21 April 1509) was King of England from his seizure of the crown on 22 August 1485 until his death in 1509. Claiming the throne by just title of inheritance and by the judgment of God in battle, he was crowned on October 30 and secured parliamentary recognition of his title early in November. There were too many powerful noblemen and, as a consequence of the system of so-called bastard feudalism, each had what amounted to private armies of indentured retainers (mercenaries masquerading as servants). I thought the book was well written, even though a bit dry is spots. Henry was thus handed over to English envoys and escorted to the Breton port of Saint-Malo. The future Henry VIII, in contrast,. Iain Hollingshead reviews Henry VII: Winter King, a BBC Two documentary which examines how the first Tudor monarch came to power and went on to have a 23-year reign. Supported at one time or another by France, by Maximilian I of Austria, regent of the Netherlands (Holy Roman emperor from 1493), by James IV of Scotland, and by powerful men in both Ireland and England, Perkin three times invaded England before he was captured at Beaulieu in Hampshire in 1497. His second son, also called Henry, inherited the throne and became . "[73] Further compounding Henry's distress, his older daughter Margaret had previously been betrothed to King James IV of Scotland and within months of her mother's death she had to be escorted to the border by her father: he would never see her again. Henry then cemented his claim to the throne and his dynastic ambitions by marrying Elizabeth of York and bringing the Houses of Lancaster and York together; the red rose and white rose combined to become the Tudor rose. But now, sensitivity readers are pushing back . On 7th August 1485, he dropped anchor at Mill Bay, Milford Haven, and when he reached the beach he prayed Judge me, O Lord, and favour my cause. The odds were stacked against him in his quest to take the throne of England. The marriage did not take place during his lifetime. Warbeck won the support of Edward IV's sister Margaret, Duchess of Burgundy. Stanley placed Richards circlet on Henrys head, he was now King. Richard III's death at Bosworth Field effectively ended the Wars of the Roses. Henry needed an heir to secure his reign and fortunately an heir came quickly. [citation needed], By 1509, justices of the peace were key enforcers of law and order for Henry VII. For many he remained a usurper, a false king. [72] Immediately afterwards, Henry became very sick and nearly died himself, allowing only his mother Margaret Beaufort near him: "privily departed to a solitary place, and would that no man should resort unto him. Henrys Chamber Accounts show payment to strangers and people across the sea, who appear to have been part of a network of spies and informers who kept an eye on potential troublemakers and alerted the King. The rebellion began in Ireland, where the historically Yorkist nobility, headed by the powerful Gerald FitzGerald, 8th Earl of Kildare, proclaimed Simnel king and provided troops for his invasion of England. February 7 Sir Francis Bryan loses an eye and Henry VIII has a new love, An interview with historical novelist Sandra Byrd, Henry VIII and His Six Wives event open for registration. Moneywise, King Henry the VII was frugal and careful with money. I've never read much on the reign of Henry VII - mostly because to really get to grips with his policies, you first have to get to grips with his exhaustively complicated financial policies - but Penn provides a wonderful accessibility through his writing, which provides valuable context to the man who founded England's most famous dynasty. I found this really interesting, but Im a history nut. Consultant editor for the. From his victory over Richard III at the Battle of Bosworth, to his secret death and the succession of his son Henry VIII, the film reveals the ruthless tactics . It took Henry, who in any case needed to marry her if the expected issue was to solve the succession problem, some six years to achieve their joint purpose. Warbeck was finally captured in 1497 and executed. And yet this time removed was summer's time, The teeming autumn, big with rich increase, Bearing the wanton burden of the prime, Like widow'd wombs after their lords . The union was both symbolic and necessary. The nobility was forced into bonds, legal agreements that they would act as the King wanted or be fined. But Henry had a crucial asset: his queen and their children, the living embodiment of his hoped-for dynasty. Together, they had seven children. Thomas Penn's Winter King is not really a biography of Henry VII, and more a study of what he was directing his government to do in his name.