missile silos in illinois missile silos in illinois

Army Air Defense Command Post (AADCP) HM-01DC was established at Naval Air Station Richmond, FL 253724N 0802416W / 25.62333N 80.40444W / 25.62333; -80.40444 (HM-101DC) in 1961 for Nike missile command-and-control functions. Private ownership redeveloped into single-family housing. Later re-used as an Aerojet facility but now abandoned. County Engineers Office. Air Force operations ended 1 October 1972. USAR Center. It was one of four "backyard" missile sites that formed the St. Louis Air Defense System, a protective ring of firepower that operated for nearly a decade -- from mid-1959 to early 1969. HM-65 was Nike-Ajax. Being used as an auto junkyard. Little evidence of IFC site remains. Many tractor trailers and new small business or manufacturing buildings on the site. There were also sites in Wolf Lake, Fort Sheridan, the Skokie Lagoons and elsewhere placed strategically to overlap so that no part of the Chicago-area would be left unprotected. Some roads still exist as unconnected concrete. Other buildings erected and still appear to be in use. The Delta-09 silo and Delta-01 launch control facility are preserved as a part of Minuteman Missile National Historic Site and may be viewed in their historic state. FDS. Accessible to the public by hiking. Army Air-Defense Command Post (AADCP) DF-30DC was established at Duncanville AFS, TX in 1959 for Nike missile command-and-control functions. Some buildings may still be standing. Part of Army Reserve Center, in back of facility. It was used until 15 December 1975 for Civil Air Patrol use, being called Fork CAP Annex. Redeveloped into multi-family housing. Several buildings still in use. Below-ground Triple-magazine Nike-Hercules site built up on high ridge. New building for armory, no FC buildings remain. Demolished, Roswell Correctional Center Partially. Now obliterated, although largely intact. Abandoned site at the north end of the SRA/north shore of the lake, where S. Wolf lake Blvd. Being used as an auto junkyard. The site was equipped with the AN/GSG-5(V) BIRDIE solid-state computer system. In single-family home subdivision built since inactivation of Nike Fire Control Site. Current status is unknown. A few military buildings still in use, new construction. Intact, East Bay Regional Park District, Lake Chabot Park, Department of Public Safety, service yard. Few buildings left, faint traces of one magazine but very little of Launch site remains. Appears to be largely intact underneath vegetation overgrowth; old access road entrance at Ave J & 133 Street largely obliterated. After the Nike-Hercules site was inactivated in 1966, used by the Air Force until Loring's inactivation in the early 1990s as part of SAC's GCCS (Global Command & Control System. One of Chicago's last seafood smokehouses perfects a dying breed of fishcraft. becomes S. State Line Rd. Launcher area now motor pool for military vehicles. Fenced-in area, redeveloped with new landscaping. Redeveloped into part golf course, part U.S. Army Reserve center. Intact, Private ownership in good condition. San Pablo Ridge, California (SF-08 and SF-09 shared facilities). intrusion detection mechanisms. Private ownership, electrical service, buildings and radar towers standing. However, the army also deployed nike missiles to europe as part of the nato alliance, with sites being operated by both american and european military forces. Access road to highway 4 only remnants of IFC site. From decommissioned nuclear bunkers to dilapidated military barracks, these properties. Lower site (IFC-2) used as a state conservation baseyard. The road to the site is down the road to the left. The sites around Fairbanks were inactivated in 1970 and 1971. The site was demolished by Hurricane Andrew on 24 August 1992 and subsequently closed. Buildings in good shape, no radar towers. Buildings in use, no radar towers visible. Each squadron has five Missile Alert Facilities which each control ten silo's for a total of 50 silo's per squadron. Abandoned. Redeveloped into Nike Park Sports Complex on Diehl Road. Partially Intact, East Ramapo School District. Private ownership, Old Army building still standing most in good condition, along with the roads. It was later upgraded to the AN/TSQ-51 "Missile Mentor" solid-state computer system. Magazine exists, concreted over. The site was initially an AN/FSG-l Missile-Master Radar Direction Center. It has a maximum range of 8,700 miles and a maximum speed of Mach 23 Partially Intact, Maryland Army National Guard. Largely Obliterated, some remains in semi-wooded area. Remains in secure area, used as a storage area. Doors have been completely covered with dirt. L-13's housing area was taken over by the Air Force after the IFC was closed by the Army, and was redesignated as Loring Family Housing Annex #2. 1mi S of Card Sound Road & County Road 905. Buildings in good condition, magazine being used as tractor trailer parking and storage site. Housing area intact, in private ownership. Nike Carlton: 3B/20A/12L-A Newport: 3B/18H, 30A/12L-UA, FDS Derelict, but partially intact. Obliterated, LA Sheriff's Department Air Station. Fish and Wildlife Service. The logistics train was airlifting by US CH-47's within 6 hrs after receipt of a coded message. On or about 30 Dec 1963 the housing area next to the Launch Site was designated Ellsworth Family Housing Annex No 1, activated, and assigned to Ellsworth AFB. No evidence of IFC site. Part of Town of Westhaven, Parks and Recreation Department "Nike State Park". The site was inactivated on 8 Sep 1968. Nike operations at the site inactivated in 1962. General Belgian Nike info: The Nike missile system was operational in the Belgian airforce from 1959 until 1990. Everglades National Park, National Park Service. Rhode Island Army National Guard, most buildings intact, Magazine area used as a motor pool. Launch area well maintained shows both Ajax and Hercules elevators, and per Maryland State Police are welded shut. Difficult to tell with all wild vegetation status of launch site, no buildings appear to be standing, probably earthen berms exist under vegetation canopy. Intact, NMArNG Miliray Academy. One building standing, sold to a local brewery and currently being refurbished into brewery and restaurant. U.S. Army Nike sites were also operational in South Korea, Japan and were sold to Taiwan.[1]. It was designated as Gibbsboro Family Housing Annex. Figure7shows a missile silo site from the road. FDS. Town of Milford, board of education. When the Army abandoned the launch area of SF-88 at Fort Barry in 1974, the National Park Service assumed custody of the site, incorporating it into the Golden Gate National Recreation Area. The blast and thermal effects within a dozen miles or so of each of these silo's will be deadly, and the fallout radiation will spread hundreds of miles downwind. It is a long and lonely route. Site was both an AN/FSG-l Missile-Master and later AN/GSG-5(V) BIRDIE Radar Direction Center. Army ownership on Ft Wainwright property, The site is overgrown with vegetation, Nike launch buildings are relatively intact. The USAF radar site at Murphy Dome AFS, AK (F-2) was shared with the Army for Nike missile-defense system. The land at 770 Muddy Branch Road (Excess Land Sale Only) is one of fourteen federal properties listed for disposal by the Public Buildings Reform Board in their 2019 recommendations. Above ground magazines protected by berms. OHArNG, C Company, 216th Engineers. Cleared land, no evidence except a few pipes emerging from below ground; apron off Forest Way still visible. Locked gate and fence; however, launch facility is abandoned and deteriorating all buildings are standing, but they are in bad shape. Owned by the Utica School District. Defense dollars were shifted to other projects like developing Americas own intercontinental ballistic missiles and missile defense systems, along with the growing war in Vietnam. Heres why the US Air Force isnt concerned. Geoffrey Baer joined "Chicago Tonight" for this week's Ask Geoffrey, about old Nike missile bases in Chicago. Buildings in good condition, also several radar towers. For instance, the missile field of F. E. Warren Air Force Base includes portions of western Nebraska, northern Colorado, and eastern Wyoming, an area of more than 12,000 square miles. 430349N 0784238W / 43.06361N 78.71056W / 43.06361; -78.71056 (BU-09-LS), 425550N 0783549W / 42.93056N 78.59694W / 42.93056; -78.59694 (BU-18-LS), 424634N 0784006W / 42.77611N 78.66833W / 42.77611; -78.66833 (BU-34/35-LS), 431259N 0785732W / 43.21639N 78.95889W / 43.21639; -78.95889 (NF-03-CS), 430931N 0785023W / 43.15861N 78.83972W / 43.15861; -78.83972 (NF-16-CS), 430107N 0790047W / 43.01861N 79.01306W / 43.01861; -79.01306 (NF-41-CS), 430032N 0790056W / 43.00889N 79.01556W / 43.00889; -79.01556 (NF-41-LS), 410319N 0735541W / 41.05528N 73.92806W / 41.05528; -73.92806 (NY-09-CS), 404838N 0733253W / 40.81056N 73.54806W / 40.81056; -73.54806 (NY-23-LS), 404249N 0732535W / 40.71361N 73.42639W / 40.71361; -73.42639 (NY-24-CS), 405700N 0725207W / 40.95000N 72.86861W / 40.95000; -72.86861 (NY-25-CS), 403536N 0733804W / 40.59333N 73.63444W / 40.59333; -73.63444 (NY-29/30-CS). Above-ground Nike-Hercules site, missiles protected by berms. Formerly located on Hog Island, formerly Ft. Duvall. Obliterated and abandoned, Department of Energy. Still in Army control, being used by the PAArNG; D/876th Engineer Battalion. Condition unknown. Appears to be light office building. Units assigned: B/36th 96/55-9/58), B/1/562nd (9/58-12/62), B/1/71st (12/62-/65), B/4/1st (/65-11/68) and MDArNG A/1/70th (11/68-4/74). Northwest side of what is now Detroit Metropolitan Wayne County Airport. The historic Nike Missile launch site was once. Former triple Ajax battery. The Buildings and radar installations are fenced off as part of the paintball area, but the launch site is situated a quarter mile away, and on farm land. 400659N 0745330W / 40.11639N 74.89167W / 40.11639; -74.89167 (PH-15-LS). Partially Intact on mountain top, Fort Funston Park Picnic Area. Afterwards, the Army Air Defense Command Post was moved to King Salmon. Concrete foundations badly deteriorated, only some building foundations remain. It was inactivated on 1 Oct 1980, declared excess on 15 Dec 1980, then reactivated on 12 May 1981 and remained in use until the closure of Loring Air Force Base in 1995. The Air Force used the property until 1976. Site appears to have been leveled, graded and fenced. Command, maintenance, and fueling buildings now serve as the U.S. Border Patrol's Detroit Sector Headquarters. Obliterated, Private ownership, Light Industrial park, In highly urbanized area. Launch pad doors still visible, but concrete has been covered by soil and is now a grassy area. Above ground site with launchers protected by berms. Now LSU School of Medicine, almost all buildings were torn down with little evidence of IFC. Overgrown and abandoned. C-70 Naperville, Illinois. Abandoned. Located at Battery Leary, Merriam, Upper Reservation, Ft. MacArthur. Probably facility is complete within the trees and wild underbrush. The site was initially an AN/FSG-l Missile-Master Radar Direction Center. Some buildings still standing and in use by Independence Board of Education. New building and landscaping to the west of the former missile pads. Contaminated soil remediated on site. Obliterated. Magazines visible, some snow plows being stored on them. Underground single-magazine intact, Private Ownership. American Indian Center Singing Winds Site. It was inactivated on 1 Oct 1980, declared excess on 15 Dec 1980, then reactivated on 12 May 1981 and remained in use until the closure of Loring Air Force Base in 1995. Redeveloped into high-end single-family housing. Construction of the Nike batteries started in 1959; becoming limited operational in 1960 and fully operational in 1961. It was later upgraded to the AN/TSQ-51 "Missile Mentor" solid-state computer system. Abandoned. The Boston Defense Area merged with Hartford & Providence Defense Areas in 1962, becoming the New England Defense Area. Abandoned. Intact double underground magazine, Small arms storage, firing, and maneuvering range. Redeveloped into Asbury Broadneck Methodist church. Mostly redeveloped, magazine area in poor condition, used as storage yard and parking lot. Mostly intact. Obliterated by 1997. The Russian invasion of Ukraine brings back memories of the Cold War. On 18 Sep 1968, IFC-2 was designated the Palehua AF Solar Observatory Research Site, activated, and assigned to Military Airlift Command with jurisdiction and operational control assigned to Air Weather Service. Nike was meant to defend against manned aircraft. Please share your experiences and photos with us below in the comments. Fenced. Figure 2 shows a satellite view of a MAF. As the U.S. and other countries enact sanctions against Russia, some remnants of escalating tensions between the U.S. and the U.S.S.R. still stand in Chicago. The old missile site is clearly visible with satellite imagery, including the three silos. Base of radar tower and control building remain S.E. Complete with radar towers, in use, use unknown. One of the Launch Bunkers has been converted to a Cross Country Ski Chalet with a large parking lot, and the other three Launch Bunkers are used for storage. FDS. Nike launch site totally obliterated. Buildings appear in excellent condition.381723N 0895651W / 38.28972N 89.94750W / 38.28972; -89.94750 (SL-40-CS), 381611N 0895700W / 38.26972N 89.95000W / 38.26972; -89.95000 (SL-40-LS). The National Park Service has a history of how women became missileers. Area has now become a "Academy Sports and Outdoors" distribution facility. Used by the Elizabeth Forward School District. Municipal complex storage yard. Originally established during World War II as Camp Wolters. It is also used occasionally for communications exercises supporting various US Army operations. FDS. South Florida Natural Resources Center in Everglades National Park, under control of National Park Service. It is also a safe haven for deer chased by hunters in the area, as it is completely fenced in. It was equipped with the AN/GSG-5(V) BIRDIE solid-state computer system. The site was equipped with the AN/GSG-5(V) BIRDIE solid-state computer system. It was being used as a Day Camp for children, but is now abandoned. Several Buildings standing also some radar towers. Check it out: For more like this, check out these 10 state parks in Illinois that are totally splendid. IFC mostly taken over by woods, some buildings still stand, asphalted area badly cracked. Two round ground pads, one square ground pad, and one tower with cyclone fence around the top. Manning was by A/602nd (11/55-8/56), A/54th (8/56-9/58), A/4/1st (9/58-12/62) and MDArNG D/1/70th (12/62-4/74). Nike was created to address a new. No radar towers. Abandoned, buildings appear derelict with lots of junk in the area. The base's 150 missiles are . Largely obliterated, now Massachusetts Audubon education center. No evidence remains of LS. Abandoned in heavy woods. The site was closed on 18 June 1968. Completely redeveloped into industrial park on W side of Calumet Ave. N of 45th St. No sign of IFC. time knowing which ones. With the exception of Alaska, in which sites were given a specific name, Nike missile sites were designated by a coding system of the Defense Area Name abbreviation; a two-digit number representing the degree from north converted to a number between 01 and 99 (North being 01; East being 25; South being 50; West being 75), and a letter, L = launch site, C = IFC (Integrated Fire Control) site. The site totally redeveloped, and no Nike site buildings remain. Obliterated. Roads in fair condition, both magazines appear to be concreted over, large gravel pile on them, generally badly deteriorated. Now part of the McCormick Place Bird Sanctuary. Formerly used by the RIANG, 281st CCG, 282d CBCS. 392119N 0765102W / 39.35528N 76.85056W / 39.35528; -76.85056 (BA-79-LS), 384611N 0764351W / 38.76972N 76.73083W / 38.76972; -76.73083 (W-35-LS), 383917N 0765120W / 38.65472N 76.85556W / 38.65472; -76.85556 (W-44-LS), 384315N 0771441W / 38.72083N 77.24472W / 38.72083; -77.24472 (W-64-CS), "During the Cold War a ring of Nike anti-aircraft missile sites defended the nation's capital, reminiscent of the perimeter of forts that protected it during the Civil War. This area is within the SRA on the southern shore of the lake. East side of what is now Detroit Metropolitan Wayne County Airport. The magazines have a one-foot thick cap of concrete on them. Ian Frazier, Great Plains, 1989 D-58 control site is currently being auctioned to general public by. The buildings are all new; the motor pool, up a rise slightly, has a couple of older structures, but the place otherwise has been cleaned off. Redeveloped into open greenspace with retention ponds. Two towers are still standing, covered with corrugated sheet steel. Intact Launch remains, no use known. Some ruins are visible along the west boundary, including the crushed fuelling stand and parts of the acid storage sheds.384850N 0772121W / 38.81389N 77.35583W / 38.81389; -77.35583 (W-74-LS). This double Nike site was operational with both Ajax and Hercules missiles. The satellite view allows you to see the actual military facility when you zoom in. Launch site looks abandoned, buildings in deteriorated condition. The first Intercontinental Ballistic Missile (ICBM) silos arrived on the Great Plains in 1959 when Atlas sites were constructed in Wyoming. Obliterated, no evidence of launch site. Demolished, open lot owned by Michigan DNR. Press reports and Pentagon briefings have put the number of ICBMs at 400. U.S. Army Air Defense Command operated the sites with Regular Army units (possibly from 562nd Air Defense Artillery Regiment) from 1960 until 1966. A small not-for-profit community farm provides outdoor education on part of the site. After being closed in 1961, the lease for this former Nike IFC site was transferred to the Air Force in 1965. Used to be well preserved for its years of age and disuse, but the underground batteries were demolished and filled in 2001. Nothing remains except large open area. Many buildings still in use, magazines still electrified and operable, used by owner for storage. Now part of a horse farm. Maps. Buildings in use as "4-H Park and County Fairgrounds". Former access road to IFC remains, highly deteriorated and partially taken over by vegetation. [16], 413622N 0724129W / 41.60611N 72.69139W / 41.60611; -72.69139 (HA-48-CS). Minor remnants are still visible in the NE corner. Controlling the SAMs was the 29th Artillery Group (Air Defense). Three well preserved buildings are in good shape, and several others deteriorated; sidewalks between buildings exist as also the base of the flagpole. Buildings, some radar towers. Appears to be a storage area for tractor-trailers. IFC existed right along the lakefront, but has now been developed and turned into an open prairie as part of the forest preserve. St. Louis Defense Area (SL): The Chicago District of the Corps of Engineers oversaw the design and construction. Perimeter fencing is intact and sturdy. Intact but decaying and falling apart, NPS-GGNRA, camp site, YMCA facility. On Okinawa, the 30th ADA Brigade was on Okinawa. Most public. Launch site with three intact missile pits located at the end of Stocksdale Road in Kingsville, MD. Land incorporated within Alfred Brush Ford Park (also known as Ford Brush Park) at the foot of Lenox Ave. It resides within an Army Reserve facility. Obliterated. The generator building, guard house and warheading building are present and largely intact. Magazine area is used for earth moving equipment training. have been removed. The adjacent buildings are used by an EOD unit. Operating units were C/54th (/55-9/58) and C/4/1st (9/58-4/74). The 436th Anti-Aircraft Artillery Battalion was active by 1955. Triple battery next to Lake Erie. Abandoned lot now filled with junk belongs to the Township of Grosse Ile and is leased to a landscaping company. Former double-magazine site abandoned and mostly overgrown with vegetation. (17,500 mph). Army Air-Defense Command Post (AADCP) W-13DC established at Fort Meade, MD in 1957 for Nike missile command-and-control functions. Fort Monroe, HQ Training and Doctrine Command. The AADCP was inactivated in May 1972. Two Integrated Fire Control (IFC) sites service the launch site, which contained twice the normal number of batteries. Units assigned were D/36th (/54-9/58), D/1/562nd (9/58-12/62) and D/4/1st (12/62-4/74). Actual missile area had 3 building to hold missiles, and rails to slide them outside. Abandoned and overgrown site at the south end of lake/state recreation area. Beck VoTech School. The Alaska Nike sites were under the control of United States Army Alaska (USARAK), rather than Army Air Defense Command. Missile launch areas now abandoned and overgrown. Site DY-10, located at Fort Phantom Hill and site DY-50, located southwest of Abilene, remained operational from 1960 until 1966. Now Nickerson Beach/Chappel Rock Park. Do you have a question for Geoffrey? Mostly cleared land, some roads of IFC remain but that's about it. Site redeveloped as Bedford Middle School in 2001. Upgraded to above-ground Nike-Hercules and re-designated HM-66. Until 1978, all missileers were men. Site is across Industrial Highway from former launch site. 2) Protection - Minuteman sites away from America's coastlines meant more warning time if submarines launched from off the coasts. The launcher Area has about 7 launch pads with 3 underground bunkers and 1 barn with rails, about 80% finished when construction halted. These Nike Hercules sites were manned by Regular Army and National Guard units and operated from 1960 to 1968. FDS. Hartford Defense Area (HA): Operational in 1956, these sites were first manned by Regular Army and later by Guard Units. FDS. It was subsequently closed by 1990. Private ownership. Above-ground Nike-Hercules pads within protective berms. Used as the Bedford Electronics Research Annex. Launch site on W side of Columbia Ave. razed in 2008, obliterated; missile magazines filled in, concrete pads removed. This urban drawbridge gained eternal pop culture fame when the Blues Brothers jumped it while it was raised. At some later time, probably about 1984, it was transferred back to the Army and assigned to Fort Dix. No radar towers. Residential housing plan. Buildings in poor condition, some roofless, some not. Army Air-Defense Command Post (AADCP) SF-90DC was established at Mill Valley AFS, CA in 1960 for Nike missile command-and-control functions. The site is currently used as a small arms firing range and a radio tower has been built there. In June 1971, the three remaining Nike Hercules batteries were deactivated. Part of Allegheny County Police and Fire Training Academy. Hong Kong CNN . Today, the housing is abandoned and the homes had been removed, leaving the basements exposed. Units assigned are the 2071st USAR School, 326th Maintenance Battalion and 214th MI Company. Launchers appear to be concreted over. Appears magazines were removed and filled in with dirt. You can Obliterated Private ownership. Maryland Indian Heritage Society. Subterranean shelters for sale Take a look at the weird and wonderful abandoned bunkers for sale right now. FDS. Obliterated, City of Redondo Beach, Hopkins Wilderness Park. Elevators cemented over. Intact, US Park Service, very deteriorated condition. Some buildings still in use. Missile pads partially Intact, Harvard University. Land cleared and being redeveloped into forested area. In aerial imagery, launch site appears to be abandoned and overgrown with trees and other vegetation. Nothing else is left. Buildings standing, several radar towers. Also used by the Air Force as part of the. After its closure by the Army, on 25 Sep 1975 the control site property was designated the Coventry ANG Station, Air National Guard. Intact, USAR Center Orangeburg. Almost intact buildings still exist but are vandalized and a section has major fire damage. MAF = Missile Alert Facility, this is where the missileers control the launch of ten Minuteman III ICBM's, each MAF has 10 silo's under their supervision. At some later time it transferred to Military Airlift Command, and on 1 Jun 1992 transferred to Air Mobility Command. Perimeter fencing intact. The Nike Hercules was Ajaxs successor. Now obliterated, Park, ownership by Commonwealth of Massachusetts. FDS. It could also be equipped with nuclear warheads. Now a part of Maheras-Gentry Park, FDS. Most buildings are still there, launch magazines filled in, concrete pads obliterated. In private ownership, buildings appear standing. Heres How to See the Dazzling Duo, Vallas and Johnson Headed to Chicago Mayoral Runoff, Lightfoot Denied Second Term, Indicted Ald. The AADCP inactivated in 1966. Looks like some vehicles are parked on concrete pads. While all of the munitions have been removed from the site, one of the decomissioned missiles is still on display in nearby Villa Park, Illinois, in front of the town's VFW hall. Links: Sandy Hook Tours:: Site NY-56:: Gateway National Park:: NJ 14 Missile Bases:: NY-56 History:: Trip Advisor:: Highlands Air Force Station, 332609N 1042007W / 33.43583N 104.33528W / 33.43583; -104.33528 (W-10-LS). No evidence of IFC. full-screen. Abandoned, in private hands. As of Nov 1999, it was still on the Ellsworth AFB real property books, excess and awaiting disposition. Even the signs listing the bunker's rules can be read decades later. Some IFC buildings still in-use, part of site also used by "Rolnick Observatory" also using old IFC buildings. Buildings standing, magazines visible with launch doors probably welded shut. FDS. Now US Forest Service facility. The Army housing was commonly referred to as West Nike Housing Area, and was controlled by Ellsworth AFB until about 2000. FDS. 421331.44N 0875653.52W / 42.2254000N 87.9482000W / 42.2254000; -87.9482000 (C-94-LS). Jackson Parks old site is now a golf course. Consider supporting our work by becoming a member for as little as $5 a month. Obliterated, High-end single-family housing, no evidence of IFC. Two radar towers still standing and evident, one of which now functions as the base for the Rolnick Observatory telescope. The missile station, officially dubbed SL-40, is near Hecker, a town of 500, though it has a Red Bud address: 5055 M Road. This site was the western end of a test range under the jurisdiction of Griffiss AFB. The map below shows the current U.S. No radar towers showing in aerial imagery. [10] During the late 1960s and early 1970s, the Travis battalion assumed responsibility for the remaining active batteries guarding the entire San Francisco region. Battalion Blvd remains. No radar towers standing. The 436th AAAB was redesignated as an antiaircraft artillery missile battalion on 5 January 1957 and subsequently occupied four Nike Ajax sites, which went to 1st Missile Battalion, 61st Artillery on 1 September 1958. Nike launch magazines abandoned and partially covered by a layer of soil, used for open-air storage.