The carpetbaggers, so named because of how they travelled light with inexpensive luggage made of fabric, were largely a benign group of Northern Republicans seeking a fresh start in the South (despite Southern Democrats fears to the contrary). was the purpose of the Ku Klux Klan? many became sharecroppers. Congress was divided among Radical, Moderate, and Conservative Republicans and Democrats. plan was the easiest on the South? 10% plan What was Lincoln's plan for Reconstruction called? What limited African American freedom during Reconstruction? What did the Black Codes indicate to the North? Upon taking office, Grant hoped to build upon the previously established framework by championing the 15th Amendment to enhance, protect, and guarantee black male voting rights nationwide. It helped maintain schools for black kids and insured fairness of labor contracting. Question 11 30 seconds Q. While there were some improvements in African American life in the post-war South, many whites were reluctant to abandon their racist attitudes and biased practices. Describe the general character of the social conditions within the nation in the aftermath of Reconstruction. Reconstruction Era National Historic Park in Beaufort, South Carolina defines Reconstruction as having started in 1861 (the beginning of the American Civil War) and lasting until the early twentieth century. Which plan was the hardest on the South? Again, there were many reasons for the poor government in the South, including violence and sabotage from groups like the Ku Klux Klan and the racial animosity that inspired them, a general unwillingness to accept the political and social implications of equality under the law, and a lingering deep resistance to the idea of the supremacy of the Constitution and Union to state and local authority in matters of national significance. that they had to keep the black vote in the south and protect black voting rights in order to win future elections. Congress established a joint committee to review Reconstruction policy and set further conditions for readmitting states. Why of why not? The House of Representatives even voted to impeach Johnson over an appointment he made that violated the newly instated Tenure of Office Act. What was the purpose of the Freedmens Bureau? Demonstrate their ability to navigate through a statistical map interactive. The Civil Rights Act of 1866 guaranteed African Americans in His campaign theme was "Let Us Have Peace," and he tried his best to promote sectional and racial harmony throughout the country. A monumental tomb in New York City was constructed in his honor as a result of what was the largest public fundraising campaign in history up to that time. _ This condition was inevitable given the disqualification of many of the regions most experienced and able government officials because of their disfranchisement for participation in the late rebellion. Was corruption now any less? While not generally used today, it was accepted usage (by both black and white writers) during this period and it is part of the historical record. Hayes would be president with the understanding that he would deal 'justly' with the south (leave them alone and allow them to restore white supremacy. Many Southerners were scared of rebellion. In parallel, the "Lost Cause" narrative of the Civil War argued that the Confederacy had been justified in its effort to secede from the Union and that Reconstruction had been a mistake. Booth, a stage actor, had ties to the Confederate cause. Reconstruction Flashcards | Quizlet Same as Lincoln's but military officials and persons with property worth more than $20,000 had to apply directly to the President for a pardon. Lincoln: The states should be reintegrated into the Union when ten percent Blacks were required to either sign labor contracts or face arrest for vagrancy, and they were not allowed to serve on juries or testify in court. Following the presentations, the teacher may also wish to lead the class in a discussion of the methodology of this activity, asking students to examine the ways in which maps, pictures, and original documents expanded their understanding of the topic. The impact of scandal on the national political debate was real. While this lesson will not provide answers for all of these questions, the hope is that it will point students in the direction of seeking out such answers with the documents and the interactive provided and formulating their own similar kinds of questions. It forbade any state to deny any citizen the right to vote because of "race, color, or previous condition of servitude", Northerners who went south in search for profits; Southners who supported the Republican governments in the South. Why was the Battle of Midway a turning point in the war in the Pacific? B 9. Conclusion: The Effects of Reconstruction - Course Hero the South divided into 5 military districts, But how much really changed? The next century would see African Americans continuing to fight for the legal rights they had been granted and were rightfully entitled to. It required former Confederate states to include a ban on slavery in their state constitutions. As a result, these farmers remained in a form of economic bondage, tied to the landowner with no foreseeable way of making enough personal profit to become independent. universal male suffrage, At the end of the day, what did it mean to be an American, and whose rights were deserving of the full protection of the U.S. government? They were northerners who came south for jobs. The Resources of North Carolina: Its Natural Wealth, Condition, and Advantages, as Existing in 1869. After reading their assigned document, students should answer the document questions on their worksheet and then proceed to the interactive to answer those questions. ]~ys6i`>lp=xY9'X\eQS%'#H 'Id~ti+i0q>?5 xL*m18&) B:17R#Y#>\ Georgia, along with Mississippi, Texas, and Virginia, had to satisfy an additional condition: ratification of the Fifteenth Amendment, which prohibited the states from denying a citizen the right to vote because of race, color, or previous condition of servitude. Henry McNeal Turner was the first African American elected to the Georgia General Assembly. While some historians see Reconstruction as both success and failure, Foner takes an unequivocal stance that Reconstruction was not at all successful. He cites several reasons in support of his opinion economic and political, as well as social. Did it accomplish anything? Were there any black governors in the South during Reconstruction? Connected to this question were larger discussions about the rights of four million newly-freed African Americans, the extent to which former Confederates should be punished for their role in the war, the fulfillment of "Manifest Destiny" through westward expansion and settlement of Indian Country, and the meanings of freedom and justice in the United States. Republicans regained a substantial number of voters who had previously been denied voting rights due to unproven war crimes. Fear of black rule. it was now all white corruption so did not attract as much attention. Where did most black Americans live in 1900? he was lincoln's vice president and a southern democrat. %PDF-1.5 % %%EOF A time of rebuilding the South after the Civil War to resolve the South's problems and bring it back into the Union. a white Southerner who collaborated with northern Republicans during Reconstruction, often for personal profit. Did Congress do anything about white violence? By clarifying and expanding the definition of what constituted a United States citizen, the Fourteenth Amendment brought emancipated African Americans into American society and allowed them to take advantage of much-needed legal protections. It was drafted according to the Ten-Percent Plan It gave blacks the right to vote A Short Overview of the Reconstruction Era and Ulysses S. Grant's What did the conflict between Johnson and Congress result in? Powerful families regularly disagree on who should gain control over which resources. Reconstruction It was approved by both houses in June 1866. How did many Southern states work around the voting rights guaranteed in the Fifteenth Amendment? What lesson did the Republicans learn from Grant's slim victory? What paragraph clues help you determine the possible meaning of the word? They were codes or rules created by southerners after the Civil War to restrict the new rights and freedoms of African American in the south. Atticus G. Haygood (then President of Emory University), Excerpt from a Speech from Richard H. Cain, February 17, 1868 during the South Carolina Constitutional Convention, Excerpt from Senator Carl Schurz of Missouri, Excerpt from a Speech from Richard H. Cain. HUMO@W o%T@EBQ6P}wwIJ/$7~\]1U 7d9c$y_M)8L%D/*rTPg2QL(Ies>U,;1Q8U#91 EbS Are you sure you want to remove #bookConfirmation# It gave all men, regardless of race, the ability to vote in the United States. ISAISIP TAYAHIN Aling isyu na may kinalaman sa paggalang sa buhay ng tao ang tumutukoy A. Ipakita ang iyong pagkaunawa sa ma konseptong tinatalakay sa pamamagitan paglalaglag sa sanggol mula sa. Lincoln's and Johnson's plans fundamentally different from the Radical Republican plan. Those who were not eligible for amnesty could appeal for a pardon. Prior to his election Congress had already passed, among other legislative acts: Guaranteed protection for all U.S. citizens, regardless of color, to "to make and enforce contracts, to sue, be parties, give evidence, and to the full and equal benefit of all laws and proceedings for the security of persons and property as is enjoyed by white citizens, and shall be subject to like punishment, pains, penalties, taxes, licenses, and exactions of every kind." WebCompare and contrast the Reconstruction plans of Lincoln, Johnson, and the Radical Republicans. Borrowed what they needed on credit from the owner, it was a bad because the farmer always owed more money than they made on the farm, leaving them stuck in this system. Instead, Johnson focused primarily on putting Union-loyal white leaders in place in Southern statehouses. The Democratic Party was disbanded and replaced with a new, more liberal version of the Republican Party. This lesson plan will explore the social, economic and political conditions of the United States as Reconstruction drew to a close in the years leading up to the Compromise of 1877. The website Making Sense of Letters and Diaries is one such site. Women still could not vote. This represented the reversal of that portion of the Dred Scott decision which ruled that black people were not and could not become citizens of the United States or enjoy any of the privileges and immunities of citizenship. The Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution officially abolished and continues to prohibit slavery and involuntary servitude, except as punishment for a crime. 'j/%>Rgy|@mePxSNOw5Nu'IbL`hEfYaWk*_p Similarly, there were those in the South who turned their bitterness at losing the war into a default position of hostility to all efforts to move forward. Chapter 16 Johnson, a Democrat, had little control over Reconstruction policy due to the Republican control of Congress. After completing both sections of the worksheet, the group should discuss what they have learned about their topic through the interactive and the document. In May 1865, with Congress out of session, Johnson began to implement his own Reconstruction program. Which class in the New South had recovered political power from the carpetbaggers? Question 3 How did the WadeDavis Bill deal with the issues of Reconstruction? f[=v5GS!Q"+x ml\8fzp +l~xZ0&>@U 8!.VUY[ ~A>}et!F2zfJ(9)29v^A4bk`=Nv^OhGEypb6u;Cj=:Ywq1wb)t+BlL;b[n[QO[*+*+!U$w q'YA*O$_gk.0 l4 In addition to reviewing the text of the Fourteenth Amendment, each group will be assigned to cover one additional (but short) document and make a presentation to the class summarizing the views presented in it. Return to slavery in a different way. and any corresponding bookmarks? 35(VgS[Ywhhyy]^TTrni9j8m^!^ H` xT+&DLeD The war devastated the Southern economy and population, leaving a lot of hard feelings towards the victorious North. All of the amendments were made to protect former slaves and their rights but on paper they did not have any rights. WebWhat is Reconstruction? No. What legal loopholes did Southerners create to resist African American equality? Over the next two years, partially due to the help of newly enfranchised African American male voters, all ten states complied with the Reconstruction Acts mandates. What connections do you see between the realities in Latin America and South Africa? Granted citizenship, due process, and equal protection under the law. You can find more resources to supplement this lesson at ourSmithsonian Learning Lab collection on the Reconstruction Era. 124 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[<0D0942F02A0E3A4583123BBEFA335B80><310633F8B9553C42B3774455F36DF9D6>]/Index[109 24]/Info 108 0 R/Length 78/Prev 144476/Root 110 0 R/Size 133/Type/XRef/W[1 2 1]>>stream The teacher will also want to discuss the vernacular and odd spellings that occasionally come through in diary entries and interviews with ordinary citizens and ex-slaves. for freed slaves. Things began to change socially, politically, and economically. When did reconstruction begin? Reconstruction lasted from the Civil War to 1877. During Civil War they had "rehearsals" for reconstruction in the Union-occupied south. Idea of black people being free began during the Civil War. It abolished slavery in the United States. Historically, scholars have defined Reconstruction as having lasted from 1865 (the end of the American Civil War) until 1877, when a political compromise between the Republican and Democrat parties allowed for Republican Rutherford B. Hayes to become President of the United States on the condition that the last remaining federal troops in the South be removed. WebQuiz The 1863 Proclamation of Amnesty and Reconstruction proposed A plan for Radical Reconstruction The Ten-Percent Plan The Fifty-Percent Plan Andrew Johnsons Plan for Reconstruction Why did Congress reject Louisianas new constitution in 1864? WebEvaluating Reconstruction As the Civil War was drawing to a close in 1865, President Lincoln began making plans for the physical, economic, social and political rehabilitation of a region They had to have enough money to pay poll tax and had to pass a literacy test. quizlet.com H6 Reconstruction i. Northern Democrats who moved into former Confederate-controlled states with the intention of upsetting Radical Reconstruction plans. As resistance and violence continued to spread in the South, Republican resolve began to weaken. Please visit using a browser with javascript enabled. WebThe Emancipation Proclamation had freed only those enslaved in rebellious states, leaving many enslaved peoplemost notably, those in the border statesin bondage; furthermore, it did not alter or prohibit the institution of slavery in general. The Jim Crow era replaced Reconstruction and ushered in a new era of racial segregation, violence, and murder well into the twentieth century. 414 0 obj <> endobj Booth assassinated President Lincoln on April 14, 1865 during the performance of a play in Washington, D.C.s Fords Theater. Who did southern voters elect to office under the terms of presidential reconstruction? At the end of this lesson, each student should demonstrate his or her proficiency by doing one of the following: 1. The new state legislatures adopted socalled black codes to keep the newly freed African Americans, or freedmen, in their place. a form of agriculture in which a landowner allows a tenant to use the land in return for a share of the crops produced on their portion of land, formally known as the Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen and Abandoned Lands, was established in 1865 by Congress to help millions of former black slaves and poor whites in the South in the aftermath of the Civil War. The Tenure of Office Act required the president to obtain approval from the Senate to remove any officeholder that the Senate had confirmed. The teacher should divide the class into four small groups. What are the Constitutional Grounds for impeachment? Ten Southern states were placed under the control of military leaders until such time as they passed the Fourteenth Amendment and put state constitutions in place that aligned with the United States Constitution. In this sense Reconstruction failed not because of President Grant or even because of southern opposition to civil rights, but because an entire nation--North, South, and West--lost the political and moral will to support the cause of equality before the law. The sharecropping model left many tenant farmers in such dire straits that it was nearly impossible to break free from their economic shackles. D. H. Chamberlain, Governor of South Carolina (on the occasion of riots in Hamburg, S.C.), August 1, 1876, Group C: Excerpt from Carl Schurz, speech in the Senate, January 30, 1872, Group D: Rutherford B. Hayes, letter of acceptance of the nomination for the Presidency, June 8, 1876. Gave blacks curfews and did not allow them to carry guns. Sharecropping. Only in South Carolina. With an interactive map that combines statistics with the thoughts and ideas of people living through this difficult period, students will consider the ways in which efforts at recovery were either successful or disappointing. Lincoln's plan was the easiest, and the Radical Republican Plan was the hardest on the South. Describe the agriculture system of the New South. there was corruption, but no more in the South than the North and no more than usual in the gov't, but Democrats kept this myth alive to keep power. about the italicized questions to help you form your answers/opinions. endstream endobj 418 0 obj <>stream 2 Third step is about monitoring of collections 3 Involves the evaluation of. Expert Help. In the South, the failure of Republican state governments to make serious inroads on the politics of the region led to a weakening resolve to protect the civil and political rights of freedmen. they wre industrialists and bankers. Reconstruction quiz 1 Flashcards | Quizlet The official era of Reconstruction came to a close with the Compromise of 1877. Losing the Civil War meant that the South would have to conform to the laws of the United States. President Johnsons view of African Americans was: That they should be granted equal rights to whites, including voting rights, That they should be granted equal rights to whites, but not voting rights, That they should not be granted equal rights to whites. It gave native born blacks citizenship. A large number of immigrants and African Americans were given voting rights. exodusters- black refugees fleeing north or west from depression and violence. Failure of Reconstruction (video) | Khan Academy By allowing the former Confederates to reenter the political arena, Republicans faced an uphill battle against the surge in Democratic support and voter-suppression tactics aimed at Republicans and African Americans. A large number of Republican lawmakers regained seats in Southern state governments, but chose to abandon Reconstruction reforms. How did the Amnesty Act of 1872 change Southern politics? What were the provisions of the first Reconstruction Act? If you leave this page, your progress will be lost. Economic Growth and Development 18151860, Grant Administration; Reconstruction Ends. pF{:RTV You have not finished your quiz. Locate the vocabulary word gesticulation in the text. Removing #book# He told the southern states to reject it. answer choices Reconstruction Freedman's Bureau Black Codes Jim Crow Laws Question 7 900 seconds Q. they became caught up in debt. This legislation overturned "Black Codes" that had been established in the former Confederate states and had been used to keep African Americans in a near-state of slavery. It declared that all people born in the United States are entitled to be citizens without regard to race, color, or previous condition of slavery. Reconstruction aimed to bring the southern states back into the Union, reestablish southern loyalty to the United States Constitution, integrate freed slaves into society, and repair the southern economy that no longer had the advantage of slave labor. What was the immediate cause of Johnson's impeachment? In some cases these newcomers were motivated by noble sentiment, while others were merely out to seek their fortunes. !~TrFH(n$J*sEsoWg >tNs=agsdZqRikzY9;.k`A5T-*kd>[MQ`&;Q3=z,:\P:GeeeE? WebStudy with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like sharecropping, Freedman's Bureau, Wade-Davis Plan and more. Also, this page requires javascript. Worked a piece of land for a fixed share of the crop. Andrew Johnson. 0. The great political battles of the era were full of interesting reflections and assertions about the nature and purpose of America and American government. It is the year 1877 and, in the wake of the election of Rutherford B. Hayes, Union troops finally have been recalled from the South. The teacher may also wish to begin thinking about how the class is to be divided into small groups (3-5 is suggestedbut the teacher should judge the correct size based on the size of the class) as several of the activities in this lesson involve small group work.